(东北大学 材料与冶金学院，沈阳 110819)
摘 要: 研究活性炭对含钴矿物摇瓶生物浸出的影响。结果表明：在浸出过程中，由于原电池效应，添加活性炭加速硫铜钴矿的氧化溶解，钴的浸出率也随之提高。添加1.0 g/L活性炭，在矿浆浓度为10%、浸出温度为45 ℃、转速为180 r/min的条件下，钴浸出率提高22.06%，铜浸出率提高15.43%。粒状活性炭与粉末状活性炭具有相同的催化效果，硫铜钴矿的生物浸出不受活性炭形状影响，生物浸出过程中可以用活性炭颗粒代替活性炭粉末。pH值对活性炭对钴离子的吸附有控制作用，随着pH值降低，活性炭对钴离子的吸附量减小，浸出条件下金属离子的损失可忽略。
关键字: 活性炭；催化作用；原电池效应；生物浸出；硫铜钴矿；吸附
（School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China）
Abstract:The catalytic effect of activated carbon on cobalt mineral bioleaching was studied. The results show that, with the presence of activated carbon, the carrollite dissolution rate accelerates and the cobalt recovery rate increases, which attributes to the galvanic interaction between the activated carbon and carrollite. When 1.0 g/L activated carbon and 20 g cobalt ore are added in the Erlenmeyer flasks that are incubated in a rotary shaker at 180 r/min and constant temperature at 45 ℃, the leaching rate of cobalt increases by approximately 22%, and the copper leaching rate improves by 15.43%. The catalytic effect of activated carbon particles is the same with that of powder on carrollite bioleaching. Therefore, it is feasible that, using activated carbon grain can improve the cobalt recovery, instead of powder. The adsorption of Co2+ by activated carbon is affected by pulp pH. With dropping pH, the adsorption capacity of Co2+ by activated carbon reduces.
Key words: activated carbon; catalytic effect; galvanic effect; bioleaching; carrollite; adsorption
