(1. 大连理工大学 材料科学与工程学院，大连 116024；
2. 宝钢股份有限公司 设备研究所，上海 201900)
摘 要: 建立描述不同磁场搅拌模式下的三维有限元模型，对比研究励磁电流、搅拌频率、搅拌器空间位置对磁感应强度和电磁力的影响规律。结果表明：磁场模拟结果与实测数据吻合良好，磁感应强度随励磁电流的增加呈线性增加；随搅拌频率的增加递减，磁感应强度沿中心轴线的分布表现为“中间大两头小”的特点，在径向铸坯边缘处最大，向中心逐渐衰减。电磁力随励磁电流和搅拌频率的增加而增大，中心轴线上底部电磁力值最大，并沿着轴线方向向上逐渐衰减；半径方向上边缘处的电磁力最大，向铸坯心部方向有小幅度的衰减。不同磁场作用下的计算结果表明：搅拌参数相同时，螺旋磁场具有更强的磁感应强度和电磁力，引起金属熔体沿径向和轴向上更大范围的流动，更有利于改善合金成分分布和凝固组织。
关键字: 螺旋磁场；电磁搅拌；有限元分析；数值模拟；电磁力
（1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China;
2. Equipment Institute, Baoshan Iron and Steel Company Limited, Shanghai 201900, China）
Abstract:A new three-dimensional finite element model describing the electromagnetic field distribution in the new-type multi-functional electromagnetic stirrer with different magnetic fields was developed. The influences of the exciting current, stirring frequency and space position of the stirrer on the magnetic induction intensity and electromagnetic force were analyzed. The results show that the simulated magnetic field in the mold is in good agreement with the measured data in the real stirrer. The magnetic induction intensity increases linearly with increasing the exciting current, and decreases with increasing the current frequency. On the same height of mold, the magnetic induction intensity gradually increases from the center to the wall of mold and reaches its maximum in the middle position of the stirrer and becomes smaller towards the end of the mold. The electromagnetic force increases with the increase of the exciting current and the stirring frequency. And the electromagnetic force reaches the maximum value in the bottom and gradually attenuates from the bottom to the top along the axial direction. And along the radial direction, the electromagnetic force slightly decreases toward the center of the ingot. The calculation results under different magnetic fields show that, the spiral magnetic field has stronger magnetic induction intensity and electromagnetic force at the same stirring parameters, which causes intensive flow in a larger zone of the molten metal along the radial and axial direction, thus promotes the formation of ellipsoidal or equiaxed grains and reduces the macrosegregation.
Key words: spiral magnetic field; electromagnetic stirring; finite element analysis; numerical simulation; electromagnetic force
