(中南大学 粉末冶金国家重点实验室，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 结合模板浸渍和粉末冶金烧结法，制备出具有良好孔隙性能和力学性能的多孔Nb-Ti合金。采用X射线衍射分析仪(XRD)、力学试验机、体视显微镜(SM)以及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)，研究Ti含量(0~15%，质量分数)对多孔Nb-Ti合金成分、力学性能、孔隙结构及微观形貌的影响。结果表明：Nb-Ti合金烧结过程完全，孔隙三维连通程度高，孔隙率为68.50%。随Ti含量从0增加到15%，合金的力学性能发生明显变化，其中抗压强度从(27.6±0.872) MPa增加到(59.3±1.354) MPa后降为(33.7±1.045) MPa，弹性模量从(0.21±0.0136) GPa增加到(0.46±0.0191) GPa。合金孔隙结构均匀化和三维连通程度增加，孔隙结构从块状转变为蜂窝状，颗粒间烧结颈长大，结合变紧密，Ti颗粒对Nb-Ti合金烧结的促进作用明显增强。多孔Nb-10Ti合金的孔隙形貌与松质骨类似，力学性能与人体松质骨相匹配，适合于医学植入应用。
关键字: Nb-Ti合金；多孔金属；力学性能；孔隙率；微观结构
（National Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Porous Nb-Ti alloys, possessing good mechanical and pore property, were fabricated by the combination of slurry impregnation with polymer sponge and powder metallurgy sintering method. X-ray diffractometer (XRD), mechanical testing machine, stereoscopic microscope (SM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were utilized to identify the composition, mechanical properties, porous structure and microstructure of the porous Nb-Ti alloys with Ti contents ranging from 0 to 15% (mass fraction). The results show that, the alloys are sintered completely, the pore with highly three-dimensional connected structure is remained and the porosity is 68.50%. The mechanical properties of the alloys change obviously, the compressive strength increases from (27.6±0.872) MPa to (59.3±1.354) MPa, and then decreases to (33.7±1.045) MPa with the Ti contents increasing from 0 to 15%, meanwhile the elastic modulus increases from (0.21±0.0136) GPa to (0.46±0.0191) GPa. Pore structures of the alloys are in more even distribution and own cellular construction, sintering neck of particles grows and particles combine more closely, and the accelerating action of Ti particles on the sintering of Nb-Ti alloys is obviously strengthened. The mechanical properties and pore morphology of porous Nb-10Ti alloy are similar to those of human cancellous bone. The Nb-10Ti alloy is suitable for clinical application.
Key words: Nb-Ti alloy; porous metals; mechanical property; porosity; microstructure
