(中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 为研究中国20株嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌菌株的基因多样性，以及基因指纹技术分类与嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌生理生化特性的相关性，使用20种随机引物，通过PCR扩增20株菌株的基因组DNA，并分析凝胶电泳条带的有无，使用Jaccard系数和UPGMA分析菌株间相关性。20种引物产生的条带将20株菌株分成了5组，菌株间相关性系数最小为35.1%(YTW与DXS)，而相似系数最大为96.9%(BY-0502与DXS，DY26与DY30)。结果表明：20株来自不同地区的嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌株具有较高的多样性，并且亲缘性分类与各菌株取样地以及最大铜离子耐受能力分类，有较高的分类相似性，说明RAPD技术拥有在嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌内分类鉴定菌株的能力。
关键字: 嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌；RAPD；多样性
（School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:To study the genome diversity of 20 Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strains in China, and the relationship between the genome classification and physiological-biochemical characteristic of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, DNA was amplified by PCR and twenty random primers, amplification products were separated by gel electrophoresis and photographed under UV light. The RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) profiles were compared on the basis of the presence or absence of each DNA band, and strain diversity was calculated using the Jaccard’s coefficient and UPGMA (Unweighted Pair-Group Arithmetic Average Clustering) cluster analysis. The primers used in this study grouped the 20 strains into five major groups. Similarities between the strains ranged from 35.1%(YTW and DXS) to 96.9%(BY-0502 and DXS，DY26 and DY30). These results indicate that the 20 strains have a high degree of genomic diversity and the RAPD markers related to characteristics, such as metal resistance and geographical locations. The RAPD procedure is a powerful technique to assess strain variability in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans.
Key words: Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans; RAPD; diversity
