(1. 山东大学 材料液固结构演变与加工教育部重点实验室，济南 250061；
2. 曲阜金皇活塞股份有限公司，曲阜 273100)
摘 要: 采用SEM、EDS、XRD、TEM和拉伸强度测试等研究Al2O3粒子增强的ZL109铝基复合材料。结果表明：多元氧化物和铝原位反应生成的Al2O3粒子尺寸细小，粒径约为0.1 μm，在基体中弥散分布，与基体存在共格关系，(001)α(Al)//(010)α-Al2O3，[110]α(Al) // [001]α-Al2O3。原位反应中生成的金属间化合物经T6处理后，以Al5FeSi、FeCr、Mg2Si、Al3Ni、Al2Cu和Al7Cu4Ni相的形式存在于基体中，使得复合材料在300 ℃的拉伸强度达到163.4 MPa，较基体的提高7.9%。随Al2O3粒子含量的增加，25 ℃时，复合材料断口断裂方式由韧性断裂转变为解理断裂，再到穿晶断裂；而300 ℃时，断口断裂转变方式为脆性断裂到延性断裂。
关键字: 铝基复合材料；原位反应；力学性能
（1. Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education,
Shandong University, Ji’nan 250061, China;
2. Qufu Jinhuang Piston Co., Ltd., Qufu 273100, China）
Abstract:Al2O3 particles reinforced ZL109 aluminum matrix composites were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and tensile strength test. The results indicate that small size (about 0.1 μm) Al2O3 particles formed by in-situ reaction between multi-oxide and aluminum distribute uniformly in the matrix, and the orientation relation between Al2O3 and matrix is (001)α(Al)//(010)α-Al2O3 and [110]α(Al)//[001]α-Al2O3. After T6 heat treatment, the intermetallic compounds accompany with in-situ reaction uniformly disperse in the matrix and exist in the form of Al5FeSi, FeCr, Mg2Si, Al3Ni, Al2Cu and Al7Cu4Ni phase. Composite tensile strength can reach 163.4 MPa, improves by 7.9% than that of the matrix. With the increase of Al2O3 particles, the fracture mechanism of the composites at 25 ℃ changes from ductile fracture to cleavage fracture, and then to transgranular fracture, while at 300 ℃, the brittle fracture changes to ductile fracture.
Key words: aluminum matrix composite; in-situ reaction; mechanical property
