(1. 真空冶金国家工程实验室，昆明 650093；
2. 云南省有色金属真空冶金重点实验室，昆明 650093；
3. 昆明理工大学 冶金与能源工程学院，昆明 650093)
摘 要: 钙热还原TiO2制备金属钛粉是一种新的钛粉生产方法，在整个流程中，还原产物的酸浸工艺是一个很重要的环节。通过单因素实验考察搅拌速度、反应温度、氢/钙离子摩尔比、液固比和反应时间等因素对钙浸出率和钛浸出率的影响。结果表明：在搅拌速度 500 r/min、温度 25 ℃、氢/钙离子摩尔比2.25:1、液固比30:1和酸浸时间15 min的条件下，钙的浸出率可达到99.18%，钛溶出率下降到0.143%。对钛粉(浸出渣)进行的XRD、SEM、EDS等分析检测表明：通过酸浸可将氧化钙等还原副产物有效去除；实验扩大后产品钛粉中氧含量高的主要原因是Ti-O固溶体彻底脱氧困难，其次是中间产物CaTiO3没有被充分还原。
关键字: 钙热还原；酸浸；氧化钙；钛
（1. National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming 650093, China;
2. Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Metals Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650093, China;
3. Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology,
Kunming 650093, China）
Abstract:Preparation of titanium powders from TiO2 by calcium vapor reduction is one of the most active new methods of titanium production, and in this procedure the acid leaching process of reduction products plays an important role. With single-factor experiment method, the influences of agitation speed, temperature, mole ratio of hydrogen/calcium ions, liquid-to-solid ratio and leaching time on the leaching rate of calcium and titanium were studied. It shows that under the conditions of agitation speed 500 r/min, temperature 25 ℃, mole ratio of hydrogen/calcium ions 2.25:1, liquid-to-solid ratio 30:1 and leaching time 15 min, the leaching rates of calcium and titanium are about 99.18% and 0.143%, respectively. The titanium powder (leaching residues) was detected by means of XRD, SEM and EDS. It is proved that calcium oxide and other impurities can be effectively removed by acid leaching. Higher oxygen content is mainly caused by difficult deoxidization of Ti-O solid solution, as well as the inadequate reduction of intermediate products calcium titanate.
Key words: calciothermic reduction; acid leaching; calcium oxide; titanium
