(1. 北京科技大学 北京市腐蚀、磨蚀与表面技术重点实验室，北京 100083；
2. 广西贺州市桂东电子科技有限责任公司，贺州 542800)
摘 要: 采用碱洗除去铝箔表面的富铅层，在其表面沉积出高度弥散的锡晶核，通过扫描电镜观察铝箔表面沉积锡晶核的分布，并对铝箔腐蚀后的表面形貌以及对腐蚀孔孔径大小进行统计。结合极化曲线测量铝箔的腐蚀电位，研究电沉积弥散锡晶核对高压阳极铝箔电解腐蚀特性的影响。结果表明：沉积锡晶核的电流密度越大，铝箔表面得到的锡晶核面密度越高，晶核越细小；弥散的锡晶核能够和铝基体组成腐蚀微电池，有效地引导铝箔腐蚀发孔，提高铝箔发孔的均匀性，从而提高铝箔的比电容；相对于表面富铅的铝箔，电沉积弥散锡晶核的铝箔表面微电池数量显著下降，使得腐蚀电位提高，铝箔表面未沉积锡晶核处表面活性低，从而导致铝箔的腐蚀减薄减少。
关键字: 电解电容器；高压铝箔；锡晶核；比电容
（1. Beijing Key Laboratory for Corrosion, Erosion and Surface Technology,
University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Guangxi Hezhou Guidong Electronics Technology Company Limited, Hezhou 542800, China）
Abstract:The trace amount of lead at the surface of Al foils was removed by alkaline washing, and then, the tin nuclei were electrodeposited on the surface. The surface morphologies of the Al foils electrodeposited tin nuclei were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The size distribution of pits was calculated and the corrosion potential was analyzed by polarization curve. The influence of electrodepositing tin nuclei on the etching ability was studied. The results show that the surface density of the tin nuclei increases with the current density increase, and accompany with the volume of nuclei decreasing. The tin nuclei can form a lot of micro-batteries with Al foils so as to effectively initiate pitting, which promote the uniform distribution of pits and increase the specific capacitance of etched Al foils. Compared with lead-riched Al foils at the surface, the numbers of micro-batteries of the Al foils electrodeposited tin nuclei are far less than that of the lead-riched Al foils at the surface, which can decrease the corrosion thickness of the Al foils.
Key words: electrolytic capacitor; high voltage aluminum foil; tin nuclei; specific capacitance
