(北京科技大学 土木与环境工程学院，北京 100083)
摘 要: 研究溶液pH值、Cu2+初始浓度、吸附时间、吸附剂投加量及温度对中药渣和麦麸吸附模拟矿山酸性废水中较高浓度Cu2+的影响。结果表明，随pH值的升高中药渣和麦麸对Cu2+的吸附量均增大；吸附剂最佳投加量为10 g/L；吸附过程更好地符合拟二级动力学模型；在pH值为3时，二者的最大吸附量分别为14.03和7.34 mg/g，吸附平衡符合Langmuir等温线方程；热力学研究表明，二者对Cu2+的吸附为非自发的放热反应。Zeta电位显示中药渣和麦麸在水溶液中均带负电，能够以静电引力吸附Cu2+；红外光谱分析表明，中药渣吸附Cu2+的官能团主要为羟基、羧基、酰胺基和酯基等，而麦麸吸附Cu2+的主要官能团为羟基、酰胺基和硅氧基等。
关键字: 矿山酸性废水；中药渣；麦麸；生物吸附
（School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:Effective parameters including solution pH, initial Cu2+ concentration, contact time, mass of adsorbents and temperature were studied to assess the biosorption of high Cu2+ ions from simulated acid mine drainage by herb-medicine residues and wheat bran. The results show that biosorption capacities of both of them increase with the raising solution pH; the addition of adsorbents is optimized to be 10 g/L; pseudo-second-order model is more suitable for biosorption processes. The maximum biosorption capacities are 14.03 and 7.34 mg/g, respectively at solution pH value of 3; Langmuir model is observed to fit well. Thermodynamics analysis indicates that biosorption processes of herb-medicine residues and wheat bran are exothermic and unspontaneous. By means of Zeta potentials, it is found that both herb-medicine residues and wheat bran bear negative charges in solution, which can adsorb Cu2+ by electrostatic pull. For FT-IR spectrum, the results indicate that the functional groups of herb-medicine residues are hydroxyl, carboxyl, amide and ester, while the functional groups of wheat bran are hydroxyl, amide and silicon-oxygen groups.
Key words: acid mine drainage; herb-medicine residues; wheat bran; biosorption
