(1. 昆明理工大学 冶金与能源工程学院，昆明 650093；
2. 贵州大学 材料与冶金学院，贵阳 550088；3. 云南冶金集团总公司，昆明 650031；
4. 贵阳铝镁设计研究院，贵阳 550081；5. 云南建水锰矿有限责任公司，建水 654302)
摘 要: 对低品位锰矿硫酸加压浸出工艺进行正交实验和单因素实验，通过正交实验得出：加压浸出低品位锰矿工艺中，影响锰浸出率的主要因素的较佳组合如下：初始酸浓度160 g/L、硫铁矿量50 g、液固比5:1(5 mL/g)、压力1 MPa、温度180 ℃、时间80 min。为分析低品位锰矿中锰、铁及铝的浸出行为，实现这3种金属元素的高效分离，参考正交实验结果适当地调整工艺参数，进行单因素实验研究，详细考察始酸浓度、反应温度、硫铁矿量、液固比、浸出时间和浸出压力对锰、铁及铝浸出率的影响，得到优化浸出工艺条件如下：低品位锰矿粉100 g，初始硫酸浓度120 g/L，浸出反应温度120 ℃，硫铁矿量50 g，液固比5:1(5 mL/g)，浸出时间100 min，浸出压力0.7 MPa，搅拌转速500 r/min。本工艺具有良好的稳定性，在优化浸出条件下，锰的浸出率为96%，而铝和铁的浸出率分别为38.7%和7.12%，实现锰选择性高效溶出，锰和铝、铁等杂质的分离效果良好，为最终实现低品位锰矿中各种有价元素的清洁高效回收奠定了基础。
关键字: 低品位锰矿；加压浸出；锰；铁；铝
（1. Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology,
Kunming 650093, China;
2. College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550088, China;
3. Yunnan Metallurgy Group Parent Company, Kunming 650031, China;
4. Guiyang Aluminium and Magnesium Design Institute Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550081, China;
5. Yunnan Jianshui Manganese Mine Limited Liability Company, Jianshui 654302, China）
Abstract:The pressure leaching process of low grade manganese ore in a sulfuric acid medium was studied by orthogonal experiments and single-factor experiments. First, the better prescription of primary factors which affect the manganese leaching rate were determined through orthogonal experiments, namely initial acidity of 160 g/L, pyrite amount of 50 g, liquid-to-solid ratio of 5:1(5 mL/g), air pressure of 1MPa,leaching temperature of 180 ℃, leaching time of 80min. In order to analyze the leaching behavior of Mn, Fe and Al in the low grade manganese ore and realize highly effective separation of these three metallic elements, the technological parameters were adjusted refering to orthogonal experimental results. The effects of initial acidity, reaction temperature, pyrite amount, liquid-to-solid ratio, leaching time and leaching pressure on leaching rates of Mn, Fe and Al were examined through single-factor experiments. And the optimum leaching conditions were determined to be low grade manganese powdered ore of 100 g, initial acidity of 120 g/L, leaching temperature of 120 ℃, pyrite amount of 50 g, liquid-to-solid ratio of 5:1(5 mL/g), leaching time of 100 min, leaching pressure of 0.7 MPa, the agitation speed of 500 r/min. The experiments results indicate that this technology has good stability. Under the optimized leaching condition, the leaching rate of manganese is 96%, and the leaching rates of Al and Fe are 38.7% and 7.12%, respectively. The selectivity and highly effective dissolution of Mn are realized, the separation effect of Mn with impurities of Fe, Al, and so on, is good. These would lay a good foundation for realizing clean and highly effective recycling of each kind of valuable elements in the low grade manganese ore.
Key words: low grade manganese ore; pressure leaching; manganese; iron; aluminum
