(1. 北京科技大学 土木与环境工程学院，北京 100083；
2. 北京科技大学 金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室，北京 100083；
3. 云南铜业集团公司，昆明 650051)
摘 要: 通过室内实验分析高泥矿堆渗透性影响因素，探明入堆颗粒粒径、颗粒结构、泥质对浸堆渗透性的影响规律。结果表明：-1 mm的粒级的物料对浸堆渗透性具有恶化作用，去除后浸堆的渗透系数可增加19~47倍；入堆颗粒粒径与矿堆渗透系数呈二阶指数函数关系，当粒径小于10 mm时，渗透系数随粒径增大而缓慢增加；当粒径大于10 mm时，渗透系数随着粒径的增大而迅速增加。最后，提出采用水洗-分级工艺将-1 mm粒级物料进行槽浸和搅拌浸出，将+1~-5 mm和+5~-25 mm的物料进行分级筑堆、分区喷淋的堆浸方式。采用此工艺后，浸堆的渗透系数增加为原矿的8~50倍，综合浸出率由不到10%提高到63.98%，使高含泥氧化铜矿得到成功堆浸。
关键字: 高含泥；低渗透性；堆浸；水洗-分级；浸出率
（1. School of Civil and Environment Engineering,
University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal, Ministry）
Abstract:The factors which affect the permeability of high-clay heap were analyzed. The laws of permeability affected by particle nature, particle structure and gain size were discussed through room experiments. The results show that the ore particles with size of -1 mm play worsen effect on permeability. After removing these particles, the coefficient of permeability will increase by 19~47 times; exponential function relation is also found between particle diameter and permeability coefficient of permeability. When the size is less than 10 mm, the permeability coefficient increases slowly; when the size is bigger than 10 mm, the permeability increases quickly. Finally, the craft of wash-classification is brought, which is consisted of that the ore particles with size of ?1 mm are in tank leaching and agitation leaching, the ore particles with sizes of +1~ -5 mm and +5 ~ -25 mm are in heap leaching with classification dump and partition liquid arrangement. After the craft is used, the permeability coefficient of heap is 8~50 times as that of crude ore, and the comprehensive leaching rate increases from 10% up to 63.98%. The high-clay copper oxide ore is leached successfully.
Key words: high-clay; poor permeability; heap leaching; washing-classification; leaching rate
