(中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 通过浮选实验、溶液化学计算及红外光谱测试，研究油酸钠在赤铁矿和磷灰石表面吸附及其对浮选的影响。结果表明：赤铁矿在pH为7~10内有较好的可浮性，磷灰石在pH为3~12内都保持较好的可浮性。碱性条件下，磷灰石表面的Ca2+为矿物表面的活性吸附点，能与油酸钠发生化学作用形成油酸盐；在弱碱性条件下，对赤铁矿浮选起主导作用的是离子−分子缔合物；pH为11.5的条件下，经油酸钠作用后的赤铁矿红外光谱研究未发现明显的油酸铁吸收峰，在磷灰石的红外光谱中有明显的油酸钙吸收峰。
关键字: 赤铁矿；磷灰石；油酸钠；浮选；离子−分子缔合物
（School of Mineral Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The flotation of hematite and apatite using sodium oleate as collector and the collection mechanism were studied through flotation tests, solution chemistry calculations and infrared spectroscopic analysis. The results show that hematite possesses good floatability in the pH range of 7−10 and apatite displays good floatability in the pH range of 3−12. Under the alkali condition, Ca2+ ions on apatite surface are activated adsorption sites and able to chemically react with sodium oleate. The ion and molecular association component in sodium oleate solution plays a dominant part in good floatability of hematite in weak alkali condition. Under the condition of pH=11.5, the absorption of oleic iron is found on the infrared spectra of hematite after the effect of oleate, and the absorption of oleic calcium is found on the infrared spectra of apatite after the effect of oleate.
Key words: hematite; apatite; sodium oleate; flotation; ion-molecular association
