(1. 南京航空航天大学 材料科学与技术学院，南京 211106；
2. 南京工程学院 材料工程学院，南京 211167；
3. 江苏科技大学 先进焊接技术省级重点实验室，镇江 212003)
摘 要: 采用Cu-5Ni(质量分数，%)合金箔为中间层，在加压15 MPa、连接温度1 120 ℃、保温10~360 min的工艺条件下对纯钨/316L不锈钢进行瞬间液相扩散连接。利用OM、SEM、EDS和电子万能试验机等研究接头的微观组织、成分分布、力学性能及断口特征。结果表明：保温10和30 min对应的接头组织由分界明显的富铁层和富铜层两层构成；保温时间增至180 min时，接头组织中的富铜层变薄、变分散，而富铁层则变厚、且局部和不锈钢奥氏体晶粒粘接；当保温时间达到360 min后，接头区和不锈钢母材较好地实现了组织与成分均匀化，钨母材中则形成2~3 µm厚的Cr、Fe元素扩散带，接头抗剪强度达到213 MPa，断裂失效主要发生在钨母材中。
关键字: 钨；不锈钢；瞬间液相扩散连接；抗剪强度
（1. College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,
Nanjing 211106, China;
2. School of Materials Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China;
3. Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,
Zhenjiang 212003, China）
Abstract:Transient liquid phase bonding between tungsten (W) and stainless steel 316L using a Cu-5Ni (mass fraction, %) alloy interlayer was carried out in vacuum at 1 120 ℃ for 10−360 min with a pressure of 15 MPa. The microstructures, composition distribution and fracture characteristics of the joints were studied by OM, SEM, EDS and their mechanical properties were tested by shear experiments. The results show that the microstructures of the joints holding for 10 and 30 min consist of Fe-rich layer and Cu-rich layers with clear boundaries. When the holding time increases to 180 min, Cu-rich layer becomes thin and disperse, while Fe-rich layer becomes thick and part of it bonds to the stainless steel austenite grain. When the holding time reaches 360 min, the microstructure and composition of bonding zone become homogenous, and 2−3 µm-thick Cr, Fe elements diffuse band also forms in the tungsten matrix. The average shear strength of joints holding for 360 min reaches 213 MPa, and the fracture failure occurs mainly in the tungsten matrix.
Key words: tungsten; stainless steel; transient liquid phase bonding; shear strength
