(1. 清华大学 机械工程系，北京 100084；2. 教育部先进成形制造重点实验室，北京 100084)
摘 要: 指出吹气法制备泡沫铝的单炉发泡工艺必定会有熔体剩余，并进行了实验验证。建立了单炉发泡工艺中颗粒含量和吹气深度的微分方程，其边界条件就是泡沫的稳定判据公式。对含公称直径9 μm Al2O3颗粒的两个 A356铝合金发泡过程进行了计算，并与实验值比较。结果表明：计算时，尽管由于将颗粒直径和吸附系数取为定值，使计算存在误差，但结论仍然合理可信；为减少单炉发泡过程的熔体剩余，应该提高颗粒含量和初始吹气深度，减小颗粒尺寸和临界覆盖率。
关键字: 泡沫铝；吹气法；单炉生产；稳定性；熔体剩余
（1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
2. Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100084, China）
Abstract:It was presented that there must be some melt residual in batch type gas injection foaming process of aluminum. And it was proved by experiments. The differential equation of particle content and gas injection depth in the batch type process was presented, by which the melt residual ratio was predicted with the stability criterion equation as boundary condition. The residual ratio of the melt containing Al2O3 particles with 9 μm in nominal particles was calculated in two foaming process. The calculation results were compared with the experimental data. The results show that, although the calculations have some errors as the particle diameter and the adsorption coefficient are all regarded as the constant, the conclusions are also reasonable. For decreasing the residual melt, the particle content and the initial injection depth should increase, and the particle diameter and the critical coverage ratio should decrease.
Key words: aluminum foam; gas injection; batch type production; stability; residual melt
