(辽宁省无机超细粉体制备及应用重点实验室 大连交通大学，大连 116028)
摘 要: 采用水热法制备了三维形状的薄水铝石粉体，研究前驱体对薄水铝石微观结构的影响。研究结果表明：以硝酸铝为前驱体可获得纳米薄片组装成的花型AlOOH，直径为1 μm左右，在其形成过程中无机−有机协同作用起到关键作用；以氯化铝为反应物可以获得由纳米棒组装而成的三维海胆型超结构AlOOH，其直径范围为5~ 8 μm，是由于中间产物AlOCl的溶解再结晶引起；以硫酸铝为前驱体可以获得中空球形AlOOH，其直径范围为5~8 μm，形成机制是由于中间产物碱式硫酸铝的溶解再结晶引起。水热法获得的薄水铝石可以在600 ℃时转变为g-Al2O3，并仍保持原有形貌。
关键字: 薄水铝石；前驱体；微观结构；水热法
（Liaoning Key Laboratory for Fabrication and Application of Superfine Inorganic Powders,
Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, China）
Abstract:Three-dimensional (3D) boehmite architectures were synthesized via a hydrothermal method. The effect of precursors on the morphology of boehmite was investigated. The results show that the flower-like AlOOH with diameter of about 1 μm assembled by nano-plates can be obtained using Al(NO3)3 as the precursor. The organic and inorganic cooperation plays a key role in the formation process. 3D urchin-like AlOOH superstructures consisting of nanorods are fabricated using hydrate AlCl3 as reagents with diameter of 5−8 μm. The dissolution and recrystallinity of semi-finished product AlOCl caused to form the structures. The hollow boehmite spheres with diameter of 5−8 μm were prepared using Al2(SO4)3 as precursor. The formation mechanism is also due to the dissolution and recrystallization of semi-finished product basic sulfate aluminum. Boehmite prepared by hydrothermal treatments transforms to g-Al2O3 at 600 ℃. The morphologies of g-Al2O3 powders still keep their original shapes.
Key words: boehmite; precursor; microstructure; hydrothermal method
