(1. 江苏师范大学 机电工程学院,徐州 221116;
2. 江苏科技大学 先进焊接技术省级重点实验室,镇江 212003;
3. 南京航空航天大学 材料科学与技术学院,南京210016)
摘 要: 稀土元素以其独特的优势被称为金属材料的维他命,稀土元素的添加可以在不同程度上提高无铅钎料的性能。结合国内外在含稀土元素无铅钎料研究领域的最新研究成果,综合评论稀土元素对无铅钎料组织和性能的影响,阐述含稀土元素的无铅焊点可靠性研究现状,为该钎料的实际应用提供数据支撑,分析过量稀土元素对无铅钎料表面锡须的影响,探讨锡须的生长机制及潜在的问题,最后综合评述含稀土无铅钎料在研究过程中存在的问题以及相应的解决措施,为含稀土元素无铅钎料的研究和应用提供理论依据。
关键字: 稀土元素;无铅钎料;可靠性;锡须
(1. School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China;
2. Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,
Zhenjiang 212003, China;
3. College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,
Nanjing 210016, China)
Abstract:The rare earth (RE) elements due to its particular function were called the vitamin of metals, RE can greatly enhance the properties of lead-free solders in different degrees. Based on the development of lead-free solders bearing RE at home and abroad, the effect of RE on the properties and microstructures of lead-free solders was reviewed systematically. The recent progress of soldered joints reliability was expatiated, which can provide data support for the application of these lead-free solders bearing RE. Through analyzing the tin whiskers of lead-free solders bearing excessive RE, the growth mechanism and possible issues were discussed. The problems and difficulty in the process of the applications of lead-free solders bearing RE were analyzed synchronously, some suggestions were put forward which maybe solve the issues mentioned above, which may provide theory guide for the investigation of lead-free solders bearing RE.
Key words: rare earth; lead-free solders; reliability; whiskers