(重庆大学 材料科学与工程学院，重庆 400044)
摘 要: 回顾了国内外近几十年来关于Zircaloys合金中第二相粒子本征特征(晶体结构、成分、形状、亚结构等)的相关研究工作。 Zircaloys合金中的Zr-Fe-Ni粒子只有一种，即C16(BCT，Al2Cu)型Zr2(Fe, Ni) Zintl相。而Zr-Fe-Cr粒子主要有两种：一种是C14(HCP, MgZn2)型Zr(Fe, Cr)2 Laves相，另一种是C15(FCC, MgCu2)型Zr(Fe, Cr)2 Laves相，这些Laves相内部均可见层错结构。归纳总结出形成温度决定论、n(Fe)/n(Cr)决定论、价电子/原子比决定论3种理论，用于解释Zr(Fe, Cr)2粒子形成稳定结构的原因。常规加工工艺下，在Zircaloys合金成分范围内，Sn完全固溶于α-Zr基体，不会参与形成析出相，Fe、Cr、Ni一般也不会单独与Zr形成Zr-Fe、Zr-Cr、Zr-Ni粒子。
关键字: Zircaloys合金；Laves相；Zr-Fe-Ni粒子；Zr-Fe-Cr粒子
（College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China）
Abstract:In the recent decades the investigations about intrinsic characteristics (crystallographic structure, microchemistries, shape, substructure, etc.) of the second phase particles (SPPs) that might present in Zirclaoys were thoroughly reviewed. Some research experiences and approaches which would be of great help to the SPPs investigations for new-developed high-performance zirconium alloys are obtained. It can be summarized that in Zircaloys there is only one kind of Zr-Fe-Ni SPPs, i.e. C16 (BCT, Al2Cu) Zr2(Fe, Ni) Zintl phase. While for the Zr-Fe-Cr Laves SPPs in zircaloys, there are two variants. One is C14 (HCP, MgZn2) Zr(Fe, Cr)2 and the other is Laves phase with C15 (FCC, MgCu2) structure. Stacking faults were frequently observed by researchers in those Zr(Fe, Cr)2 SPPs. Based on a large amount of studies, it is summarized that the formation temperature, n(Fe)/n(Cr) ratios or valence electron/atom ratios of SPPs are determinant factors in respect to the stable structures of Zr(Fe, Cr)2. In addition, the possibility of presence of Sn-bearing particles was discussed as well as Zr-Fe, Zr-Cr and Zr-Ni particles in Zircaloys under conventionally processing conditions.
Key words: Zircaloys; Laves intermetallics; Zr-Fe-Ni particles; Zr-Fe-Cr particles
