(1. 北京科技大学 土木与环境工程学院，北京 100083；
2. 金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室，北京 100083)
摘 要: 采用以Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans为主的混合菌，研究绢云母对微生物浸出黄铜矿的影响。结果表明，铜的浸出率随着绢云母粒度的减小而增加，随着绢云母质量分数的增加而呈先升高后降低的趋势。在添加粒度为−33 μm、质量分数为5.0%的绢云母时，铜的最高浸出率为54.88%，比不添加绢云母时的铜浸出率提高了约12%，表明绢云母能促进黄铜矿的微生物浸出。绢云母的加入可使浸出体系pH值降低，最终pH值低于1.22。在浸出过程中，新生成的物质主要是铵黄铁矾，它覆盖于黄铜矿的表面，对微生物浸出铜有一定的阻碍作用。
关键字: 微生物浸出；绢云母；黄铜矿；细菌；黄铁矿；铵黄铁矾
（1. School of Civil and Environment Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing,
Beijing 100083, China;
2. Key Laboratory for High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, Ministry of Education,
Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:The effect of addition of sericite on bioleaching of chalcopyrite was investigated using mixed cultures of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. The results show that the leaching rate of copper increases with the particle size of sericite decreasing, and the leaching rate of copper increases at first and then decreases with the mass fraction of sericite increasing. By using 5% (mass fraction) sericite with particle size of −33 μm, the highest leaching rate of copper is 54.88%, which is about 12% higher than that of the chalcopyrite bioleaching without sericite, and which indicates that the bioleaching of chalcopyrite can be promoted with the addition of sericite. The pH value of leaching system can be decreased by the addition of sericite, which is lower than 1.22 finally. The new compounds of ammoniojarosite is generated mainly in the bioleaching process, which cover the surface of chalcopyrite, and hinder the bioleaching of chalcopyrite to a certain extent.
Key words: bioleaching; sericite; chalcopyrite; bacteria; pyrite; ammoniojarosite
