(1. 中国矿业大学 化学与环境工程学院，北京 100083；
2. 北京矿冶研究总院，北京 100044)
摘 要: 针对传统石灰法处理矿山酸性废水存在结垢严重和处理效果不稳定等问题，研究了高浓度泥浆法(HDS)替代工艺。结果表明，高浓度泥浆法(HDS)处理矿山酸性废水的主要机理如下：酸碱中和、金属离子沉淀及共沉淀作用；污泥回流使沉淀底泥晶体化、粗颗粒化，加快了污泥沉降和分离的速度；沉淀底泥Zeta电位提高，易于与带负电位的硫酸钙接近并附着，晶核不断长大，可显著延缓设备和管路的结垢。该技术处理矿山酸性废水效果好，出水水质稳定达到GB 8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》中二级排放标准的要求。
关键字: 高浓度泥浆法；矿山酸性废水；废水处理；机理
（1. School of Chemical and Environment Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology,
Beijing 100083, China;
2. Beijing General Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy, Beijing 100044, China）
Abstract:In order to solve the problems of serious scaling and unstable treatment by common lime neutralization, high density sludge (HDS) method was investigated to treat the mine acidic waste water. The results show that the mechanism of mine acidic waste water treatment by high density sludge (HDS) can be elucidated as the following aspects: acid-alkali neutralizing, metal ions sediment and co-precipitation; sludge circulation results in the crystallization of settled sludge to accelerate settling velocity; higher Zeta potential value of settled sludge makes favorable adsorption of Ca(SO4)2 with negative potential to increase the crystal nucleus and retard the equipments and pipelines scaling. HDS method is efficient for the treatment of mine acidic wastewater and the effluent can stably meet two grades of integrated wastewater discharge standard (GB 8978-1996).
Key words: high density sludge; mine acidic waste water; waste water treatment; mechanism
