(1. 中南大学 有色金属成矿预测教育部重点实验室，长沙 410083；
2. 中南大学 地球科学与信息物理学院，长沙 410083；
3. 铜陵有色金属集团控股有限公司 铜山铜矿，铜陵 247127)
摘 要: 从地层、构造、岩浆岩与成矿的关系入手，对本区成矿地质条件进行分析，指出石炭系中上统黄龙组和船山组为矿区最主要的赋矿层位，其灰岩岩性是形成接触交代矿床的最有利的岩性，且与泥盆系上统五通组和二叠系上统砂页岩构成了构造薄弱面——钙硅界面，有利于矿液的运移和矿质的沉淀；五通组石英砂岩为矿体定位起隔挡屏蔽作用；断裂构造F1为矿液运移、矿体定位的关键因素；燕山期的岩浆活动为成矿提供了物质来源、成矿流体和热能，是成矿的第一要素。在此基础上，结合本区成矿物质来源、形成条件、控矿因素、矿化形式以及成矿作用等方面的特征，对铜山铜矿的矿床成因进行了探讨，认为铜山铜矿包括多种矿化成因类型，整体上属以矽卡岩型成矿作用为主的燕山期岩浆热液铜铁金硫成矿系列。
关键字: 成矿地质条件；成矿过程；矿床成因；铜山铜矿
Tongshan copper deposit in Guichi, Anhui Province, China
（1. Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals, Ministry of Education,
Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. School of Geoscience and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
3. Tongshan Copper Deposit, Tongling Nonferrous Metals Group Company Limited, Tongling 247127, China）
Abstract:The analysis of geological conditions was researched based on the relationship between mineralization and strata, structure, magmatite rock of Tongshan copper diposit. The results show that the C2h+3c, limestone lithology which is beneficial to form contact metasomatic deposit and weak structure plane, Ca-Si interface, which is favorable for ore-forming fluid migration and ore-forming materials precipitation, is the main stratum containing orebody. The quartz sandstone in D3W is shielding for orebody location, the fault F1 is the key factor of ore fluid migration and orebody location, the magma activity of Yanshanian is the first factor for offering material source, ore-forming fluid and heat energy. On this basis, the genesis of deposit was researched combining with the ore-forming material, formation conditions, ore-controlling factors, metallization form and mineralizing process. The results show that the Tongshan copper deposit includes variety metallization genesis types, including Yanshanian magmatic hydrothermal copper and iron sulfide gold mineralization series controlled by skarn type minerogenesis on the whole.
Key words: ore-forming geological conditions; ore-forming process; deposit genesis; Tongshan copper deposit
