(1. 北京化工大学 材料科学与工程学院，北京 100029；
2. 中国文化遗产研究院 保护科学技术研究所，北京 100029)
摘 要: 采用在含模拟土壤介质(0.010 4 mol/L Na2SO4+0.028 2 mol/L NaCl+0.016 4 mol/L NaHCO3)的土壤中埋藏铸造青铜试样的方法研究高锡青铜的土壤腐蚀规律；采用金相显微镜观察腐蚀前后青铜的结构变化，扫描电镜(SEM)并结合能谱(EDS)对微区成分进行分析；用X射线荧光光谱(XRF)检测埋藏试样周围土壤中元素含量，同时用残留因子fCu/Sn和fCu/Pb定量分析腐蚀产物中Cu、Sn和Pb的残留情况。结果表明：在该环境下高锡青铜腐蚀首先从α相与δ相界面开始，且α相先于δ相发生腐蚀，留下未腐蚀的岛屿状δ相；高锡青铜腐蚀过程中Cu优先向周围土壤中迁移，最终形成的含O、C腐蚀产物中富含Sn和Pb。
关键字: 高锡青铜；土壤；腐蚀；迁移
high tin content after soil corrosion
（1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China;
2. Protection Institute of Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Cultural Heritage, Beijing 100029, China）
Abstract:The soil corrosion rule of the bronze with high tin content was researched by burying the metal samples in the soil containing the simulated the edaphic elecrdyte (0.010 4 mol/L Na2SO4+0.028 2 mol/L NaCl+0.016 4 mol/L NaHCO3) aimed at simulating the underground water. The morphology change before and after the corrosion was observed by metalloscopy, and SEM combined with EDS was used to analyze the micro-area composition of the corroded sample. Further research with X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) was carried out to measure the content of the elements in the soil around the bronze sample. Then, factors fCu/Sn and fCu/Pb were used to make a quantitative analysis of the residual elements Cu, Sn and Pb in the corrosion products. The results show that the corrosion firstly occurs on the interface between the α phase and δ phase, α phase is prior to be corroded, with the island-shaped δ phase uncorroded and left. Cu is prior to diffuse into the surrounding soil, leaving the corrosion products containing O and C rich in Sn and Pb.
Key words: High-tin bronze; soil; corrosion; diffusion
