(湘潭大学 化学学院 环境友好化学与应用教育部重点实验室，湘潭 411105)
摘 要: 以碳化钙为原料、新鲜氯气为刻蚀剂，在400~700 ℃范围内制备碳化钙骨架碳作为锂离子电池新型负极材料。用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、氮气吸附实验、恒流充放电、交流阻抗(EIS)等对碳化钙骨架负极材料进行表征及电化学性能测试，并探讨制备温度对碳化钙骨架碳结构和电化学性能的影响。结果表明：所有温度下制备的碳化钙骨架碳均为无定形碳材料，但随着制备温度的升高，材料出现部分石墨化倾向；600 ℃制备的碳化钙骨架碳具有良好的电化学性能，在0.1 C充放电时，首次放电比容量为890.9 mA∙h/g，可逆容量为335.4 mA∙h/g，循环30次后的可逆容量为266.8 mA∙h/g。
关键字: 锂离子电池；负极材料；无定形碳；骨架碳；电化学性能
（Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education,
School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China）
Abstract:The calcium carbide-derived-carbon was synthesized from CaC2 in a freshly prepared chlorine environment at the temperature range of 400−700 ℃. The influences of temperature on the structure and electrochemical properties of calcium carbide-derived-carbon were studied, and the properties of sample were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen sorption experiment, constant current charge-discharge and AC impedance, respectively. The results show that all the calcium carbide-derived-carbons are disorder carbon. The carbide-derived-carbon appears partly graphitization tendency with the increase of the temperature. The carbide-derived-carbon synthesized at 600 ℃ has good electrochemical performance. It delivers lithium insertion and deinsertion capacities of 890.9 mA∙h/g and 335.4 mA∙h/g, respectively, during the first cycle at a rate of 0.1 C, and the deinsertion capacity is 266.8 mA∙h/g after 30 cycles.
Key words: Li-ion battery; anode material; disordered carbon; carbide derived-carbon; electrochemical performance
