(同济大学 环境科学与工程学院，上海 200092)
摘 要: 基于锂电池负极结构及其组成材料铜与碳粉的物料特性，采用锤振破碎、振动筛分与气流分选组合工艺对废锂电池负极组成材料进行分离与回收。实验采用ICP-AES分析实验样品与分离富集产品的金属品位。结果表明：该负极材料经破碎筛分后，粒径大于0.250 mm的破碎料中铜的品位为92.4%，而粒径小于0.125 mm的破碎料中碳粉的品位为96.6%，均可直接回收；粒度为0.125~0.250 mm的破碎料中，铜的品位较低，可通过气流分选实现铜与碳粉的有效分离回收；气流分选过程中，操作气流速度为1.00 m/s时，铜的回收率达92.3%，品位达84.4%。
关键字: 废锂离子电池；负极材料；破碎；气流分选
anode materials from spent lithium-ion batteries
（College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China）
Abstract:Based on the analysis of the structure and properties of anodes, the pulverization, vibratory screening and pneumatic separation were utilized to separate and recover the copper and carbon powder in the anodes from spent lithium-ion batteries. The metal grade in the samples and separation products were determined by ICP-AES. The results indicate that anode materials are pulverized first and then sieved, the grades of copper (＞0.250 mm) and carbon powder (＜0.125 mm) in the crushed particles reach 92.4% and 96.6%, respectively, which can be recycled directly. As for the specific particles (0.125−0.250 mm) with low copper grade, the pneumatic separation was applied to achieve an effective separation of copper and carbon particle. When the flow velocity is 1.00 m/s, the recovery rate and grade of copper reach 92.3% and 84.4%, respectively.
Key words: lithium-ion battery; anode; pulverization; pneumatic separation
