(1. 兰州理工大学 材料科学与工程学院，兰州 730050；
2. 兰州理工大学 甘肃省有色金属新材料省部共建国家重点实验室，兰州 730050)
摘 要: 凝固过程中获得细小均匀的等轴晶组织既可以提高材料的强度和硬度，又可以提高其塑性和韧性。晶粒细化是改善铸件质量和后续加工性能的重要途径，化学晶粒细化法由于在细化过程中操作简单，无需改进实验设备，细化效果良好受到科研工作者的重视。结合作者采用化学法对铝及铝合金、纯镍和纯锡晶粒细化的研究工作，综述几种典型有色金属及合金的晶粒细化剂及细化效果，并总结国内外关于化学法细化晶粒的经典理论。最后，总结并展望了化学法细化有色金属及合金的发展趋势。
关键字: 有色金属；合金；凝固组织；晶粒细化；化学法；细化机理
mechanism of non-ferrous metals and alloys by chemical method
（1. School of Material Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Gansu Advanced Non-ferrous Metal Materials, Lanzhou University of Technology,
Lanzhou 730050, China）
Abstract:The uniform and fine equiaxed grain not only improves the strength and hardness of the materials , but also improves their plasticity and toughness. Grain refinement is also the important method to improve the qualities of castings and has significant effect on the deeply processing properties. The chemical refinement method with excellent advantages such as simple operation, not necessary to change the experimental equipment, and good effects in refining have attracted increasing concern. Combined with the research work about refining Al and Al alloy, pure Ni and pure Sn done by the writers, the representative grain refiners of the non-ferrous metals and alloys and the refining effects were reviewed. The classic theories of the chemical method to refine the grain size were summarized. Finally, the future trends about chemical method to refine the non-ferrous metals and alloys were prospected.
Key words: non-ferrous metals; alloys; solidified structure; grain refinement; chemical method; refining mechanism
