(湖南大学 材料科学与工程学院，长沙 410082)
摘 要: AlMgSi(Cu)合金是应用最广泛的可热处理强化铝合金，该类合金的主要性能与时效阶段析出的硬化相紧密相关。综述AlMgSi(Cu)合金在不同热处理阶段形成的纳米析出相的形貌、结构和稳定性。提出了动态结构的概念和模型，并以此揭示了纳米析出相结构演变规律及其与力学性能间的关系。在含铜 6×××系铝合金的纳米析出相结构演变研究领域有若干未解决的基本问题，而这些问题的解决对高中强度6×××系铝合金的开发具有重要的指导意义。
关键字: 铝合金；析出相；热处理; 人工时效；微观结构
（College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China）
Abstract:The performances of AlMgSi(Cu) alloys widely used in the industry, largely correlate with the precipitates formed in the thermal process. The morphologies, the structural features and the phase stabilities of all well-known precipitates that possibly form in the AlMgSi(Cu) alloys were reviewed. In order to understand the structural transformations between the early-stage hardening precipitates in the alloys, and their relations with the mechanical properties of the materials, a concept of dynamic structure to describe the evolution of the hardening particles was introduced. For further development of the high-strength 6××× series alloys, a few un-answered questions about the structural transformations in Cu-containing 6××× series alloys are crucial.
Key words: aluminum alloy; precipitate; heat treatment; artificial aging; microstructure
