(中南大学 粉末冶金国家重点实验室，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 采用气氛烧结方法制备NiFe2O4基金属陶瓷材料，并进行960 ℃的铝电解腐蚀实验。通过分析烧结体的显微结构和物相组成、电解试样的表层形貌与成分以及电解质和阴极铝的杂质含量等，研究BaO、Yb2O3和CoO的添加以及金属相的组成对NiFe2O4基金属陶瓷烧结性能的影响；表征了该金属陶瓷强化烧结体作为铝电解惰性阳极的电解腐蚀性能；并对材料强化烧结机制和熔盐腐蚀行为进行探讨。结果表明：烧结过程中，BaO和Yb2O3与该金属陶瓷中的陶瓷相反应生成新的物相，CoO与陶瓷相形成固溶体，并加快烧结致密化进程；以Cu-Ni取代纯Cu和纯Ni作为金属陶瓷的金属相，可提高材料的相对密度；NiFe2O4基金属陶瓷的高致密度可抑制电解过程中金属相的流失和陶瓷相的腐蚀，阳极表层也转变为致密的NiFe2O4相。
关键词: 惰性阳极；铝电解；金属陶瓷；NiFe2O4；电解腐蚀
nickel ferrite based cermets
（State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:NiFe2O4 based cermets were prepared by sintering method under controlled atmosphere, and their electrolysis corrosion in aluminum electrolysis at 960 ℃ was examined. Based on the studies of the microstructure and phase composition after sintering, surface morphology and composition after electrolysis, impurity content in electrolyte and cathode aluminum, the effects of BaO, Yb2O3 and CoO additive and metal composition on the sintering properties of NiFe2O4 based cermets were analyzed. The electrolysis corrosion property of highly sintered cermets as inert anode was characterized. The enhanced sintering mechanism and molten salt corrosion behavior were also discussed. The results show that the doped BaO, Yb2O3 and CoO react with the ceramic matrix, and then accelerate the process of sintering densification. The substituting of pure Cu and pure Ni by Cu-Ni as metal phase of cermets can increase the relative density of NiFe2O4 based cermets. The high relative density of NiFe2O4 based cermets is benefit to inhibit metal loss and ceramic-phase corrosion, and the anode surface will change to NiFe2O4 dense layer.
Key words: inert anode; aluminum electrolysis; cermets; NiFe2O4; electrolysis corrosion
