(1. 中南大学 化学化工学院, 长沙 410083；2. 中南大学 粉末冶金国家重点实验室, 长沙 410083)
摘 要: 提出一种新型的从废旧锂离子电池中分离回收钴镍锰的工艺。该工艺采用物理擦洗−稀酸搅拌浸出的方法分离集流体与活性物质，采用H2SO4+H2O2为浸出剂对活性物质进行浸出，然后采用黄钠铁矾法去除浸出液中的铁，再采用N902萃取分离铜，通过水解沉淀法除铝，最后采用碳酸盐共沉淀法制备镍钴锰碳酸盐前躯体。结果表明：最优浸出条件为液固比10:1、H2SO4浓度2.5 mol/L、H2O2加入量2.0 mL/g(粉料)、温度85 ℃、浸出时间120 min；在此条件下，钴、镍和锰的浸出率分别达到97%、98%和96%；除去浸出液中的铁、铜和铝后，钴、镍和锰的损失率分别为1.5%、0.57%和4.56%；总体来说，废旧锂离子电池中钴、镍和锰的回收率均可以达到95%。
关键字: 废旧锂离子电池；浸出；萃取；N902；回收
Co and Mn from spent lithium-ion batteries
（1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:A novel process was developed for the separation and recovery of nickel, cobalt and manganese from the lithium-ion secondary batteries. In this process, stirring-scrubbing and dilute acid leaching are used to separate the active materials from current collectors. The Fe3+ ion in the leach liquor was removed using sodium jarosite method, then the copper was extracted by N902, and the aluminum was selectively precipitated as aluminum hydroxide. Finally, the pure NixCoyMnz ternary system precursor was prepared using carbonate co-precipitation method. The results show that the optimum conditions include liquid/solid ratio of 10:1, H2SO4 concentration of 2.5 mol/ L, H2O2 addition of 2.0 mL/g(powder), leaching time of 120 min and leaching temperature of 85 ℃, under which the leaching rates of Ni, Co and Mn are 97%, 98% and 96%, respectively. After the removal of iron, copper and aluminum in the leach liquor, the loss rates of Ni, Co and Mn are 1.5%, 0.57% and 4.56%, respectively. Overall, 95% of Ni, Co and Mn can be recovered from the spent lithium-ion batteries.
Key words: spent lithium-ion batteries; leaching; extraction; N902; recovery
