(中南大学 化学化工学院，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 以Cu2+-NH3-Cl−-H2O氨性溶液为被萃水相，研究高位阻β−二酮和LIX 84混合萃取剂对铜的萃取。考察混合萃取剂β−二酮和LIX 84总浓度及相对含量、被萃水相pH值及总氨浓度和相比等因素对铜萃取的影响。结果表明，最优萃取条件如下：β−二酮与LIX 84的体积比为1:1，萃取剂浓度为20 %，水相铜离子浓度为3 g/L，总氨浓度为3 mol/L(氨与氯化铵的摩尔比为1:2)，初始pH值为8.95，相比(O/A)为1:1，反萃剂(硫酸)浓度为90 g/L。在此最优条件下，铜萃取率接近100 %，共萃氨量为36.1 mg/L，反萃率达97 %。
关键字: 氨性溶液；萃取剂；萃取；铜；共萃氨
sterically hindered β-diketone and LIX 84
（School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The extraction performance of copper with a sterically hindered β-diketone and LIX 84 from Cu2+-NH3-Cl−-H2O ammonia solutions was studied. The effects of extractant concentration, relative content of β-diketone and LIX 84 in organic phase, pH of aqueous phase, total ammonia concentration and phase ratio on copper extraction were tested. The results indicate that the optimum extraction conditions are as follows: the relative content of β-diketone and LIX 84 is 1:1, the concentration of extractant is 20%, the concentration of copper and total ammonia is 3 g/L and 3 mol/L, respectively, pH of aqueous phase is 8.95, phase ratio is 1:1, and the stripping concentration of sulphuric acid is 90 g/L. Under the optimum extraction condition, the extraction rate and stripping efficiency are nearly 100% and 97%, respectively, and the co-extraction ammonia is only 36.1 mg/L.
Key words: ammonia solution; extractant; solvent extraction; copper; co-extraction ammonia
