(1. 中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院，长沙 410083；
2. 四川鑫源矿业有限责任公司，成都 610000；
3. 中南大学 化学化工学院，长沙 410083；
4. 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司，北京 100038)
摘 要: 通过对呷村铜铅锌银多金属混合精矿的矿物分析可知，铅、锌主要赋存于方铅矿、闪锌矿中，而大部分铜、银均为难浸出的黝铜矿所载。采用两段逆流氧压浸出工艺进行处理该矿，条件试验研究得出一、二段最佳浸出条件分别为硫酸浓度150 g/L、液固比3׃1、反应温度135 ℃、氧分压0.75 MPa、浸出时间2.0 h；硫酸浓度80 g/L、液固比3׃1、反应温度180 ℃、氧分压1.0 MPa、浸出时间2.5 h。9轮扩大验证循环浸出试验运行顺利，Cu和Zn的平均两段总浸出率分别为 93.23%和99.47%，而杂质元素Fe和As的浸出率仅15.77%和6.9%, 元素硫的硫磺转化率为54.26%。Pb和Ag大部分转化为铅矾、铅铁矾和硫化银而留在浸出渣中，铜锌与铅银彻底分离。
关键字: 多金属混合精矿；氧压浸出；两段逆流；黝铜矿
complex Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag bulk concentrate
（1. School of Resources Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Sichuan Xinyuan Mining Limited Liability Company, Chengdu 610000, China;
3. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
4. Enfei Engineering Technology Limited Company, Beijing 100038, China）
Abstract:By mineralogical analysis, the primary lead and zinc minerals in the complex Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag bulk concentrate are separately galena and sphalerite. While the primary copper mineral of the concentrate and most of silver indwell in the tetrahedrite is difficult to be leached. The treatment of the complex Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag bulk concentrate by a two-stage adverse current oxygen pressure acid leaching was studied. The optimum process operating parameters of the initial sulfuric acid concentration 150 g/L, the first stage that liquid-to-solid ratio of 3, temperature of 135 ℃, oxygen partial pressure of 0.75 MPa and time of 2.0 h, and the initial sulfuric acid concentration of 80 g/L, the optimum parameters of the second stage that liquid-to-solid ratio of 3, temperature of 180 ℃, oxygen partial pressure of 1.0 MPa and time of 2.5 h were both established by conditional experiments. The enlarged verification experiment was carried out under the optimum conditions, and the average leaching efficiencies of copper and zinc are separately as high as 93.23% and 99.47% in the experiment while the average leaching efficiencies of Fe and As as impurities are only 15.77% and 6.9%, respectively. The lead and silver stayed in residue in the main forms of sulfate and sulfide separately after the leaching, so the lead and silver are separated with copper and zinc completely.
Key words: complex multimetal bulk concentrate; oxygen pressure acid leaching; two stage adverse current; tetrahedrite
