(1. 山东大学 模具工程技术研究中心，济南 250061；
2. 山东建筑大学 材料科学与工程学院，济南 250101)
摘 要: 以AZ31镁合金为研究对象，通过对不同模具外角ECAP变形过程的有限元模拟，研究不同模具外角下AZ31镁合金ECAP变形的等效应变分布。利用微观组织观察以及硬度测试，分析等效应变分布对微观组织及力学性能影响。结果表明：当模具外角ψ为20°时，工件可以获得均匀的等效应变分布。AZ31镁合金经过ECAP挤压后，微观组织显著细化，力学性能明显改善，但平均晶粒尺寸及微观维氏硬度在工件横截面上分布不均匀，等效应变分布的不均匀性是导致材料微观组织和力学性能不均匀的主要因素之一。
关键字: 等通道挤压；有限元模拟；变形均匀性分析；AZ31镁合金
（1. Engineering Research Center for Mould and Die Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China）
Abstract:The effective strain size and distribution of AZ31 magnesium deformed by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) for different die corner angles were investigated through the finite element simulation. The effect of the stain distribution in pressed workpiece on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the pressed workpiece was explored by optical observation and micro-hardness testing. The results show that the effective strain distribution in the samples is more homogeneous at 20° than those at other angles. After the AZ31 magnesium alloy is processed by ECAP, its microstructure is significantly refined and its mechanical property is improved, but the distribution of the grain size and micro-hardness in the cross-section of the pressed samples is inhomogeneous. The inhomogeneous distribution of the effective strain is one of the main factors that lead to the uneven microstructure and property.
Key words: equal channel angular pressing; finite element simulation; homogenous deformation analysis; AZ31 magnesium alloy
