(昆明理工大学 材料科学与工程学院，昆明 650093)
摘 要: 在氢气或氢气和氩气的混合高压气氛中，采用定向凝固技术制备规则多孔铜材料；在室温下测试不同气孔率规则多孔铜在不同方向的压缩性能；研究气孔率和压缩方向对规则多孔铜力学性能的影响规律。结果表明：当气孔率和压缩方向不同时，规则多孔铜的压缩应力—应变曲线表现出不同的特征；当压缩方向相同时，规则多孔铜的压缩屈服强度随气孔率的增加而降低；规则多孔铜的力学性能呈现明显的各向异性，其屈服强度和能量吸收能力随着压缩方向与气孔方向夹角的增大而减小；当压缩方向与气孔方向的夹角为0°时，其屈服强度和能量吸收能力最大。
关键字: 规则多孔铜; 定向凝固; 屈服强度; 压缩变形
（School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology,
Kunming 650093, China）
Abstract:Porous copper with long cylindrical pores aligned in one direction was fabricated by directional solidification under high-pressure atmosphere of hydrogen or gas mixture of hydrogen and argon. Compressive tests of the ordered porous copper with different porosities in different directions were carried out. The relationship between strength and porosity or compressive direction was investigated. The results show that the compressive stress−strain curves vary with porosity and compressive direction. Under the same compressive direction, as the porosity increases, the compressive yield strength of the ordered porous copper decreases. The mechanical properties of the ordered porous copper show obvious anisotropy, and the yield strength and energy absorption capacity of the ordered porous copper decrease with the increase of the angle between pore axis and compressive direction. The yield strength and energy absorption capacity of porous copper are the largest when the angle between pore axis and compressive direction is equal to 0°.
Key words: ordered porous copper; unidirectional solidification; yield strength; compressive deformation
