(1. 江西理工大学 材料与化学工程学院,赣州 341000;
2. 北京, 矿冶研究总院 冶金研究设计所,北京 100044)
摘 要: 针对以黝铜矿为主体矿物的复杂硫化铜矿开展热活化−加压浸出工艺研究。结果表明:复杂铜精矿经573 K温度热活化1~2 h后,在浸出温度453 K,氧分压0.6 MPa,初始硫酸浓度1.23 mol/L,液固比5:1,木质素磺酸钙用量为精矿质量的1.25%等条件下,浸出仅2 h就可使铜和锌浸出率分别高达94.08%和96.95%,而铁浸出率仅为22.37%;在复杂铜精矿热活化预处理过程中,未见铅、锌、硫和砷等元素挥发损失,并探讨了复杂铜精矿的热活化机理。
关键字: 硫化铜矿;黝铜矿;热活化;预处理;加压浸出
complex copper sulfide ores
(1. School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China;
2. Institute of Metallurgical Research and Design, Beijing General Research Institute of
Mining and Metallurgy, Beijing 100044, China)
Abstract:The heat activation-pressure leaching of complex copper sulfide ores with tetrahedrite as the main mineral was studied. The results show that the leaching rates of copper and zinc are as high as 94.08% and 96.95%, respectively, while that of iron is limited at 22.37% in the following conditions: the heat activation temperature 573 K, the heat activation time 1−2 h, the leaching temperature 453 K, the oxygen partial pressure 0.6 MPa, the initial sulfuric acid concentration 1.23 mol/L, the liquid to solid ratio 5:1, the calcium lignosulphonate dosage of 1.25% of the mass of the ores, the leaching time 2 h. No loss of lead, zinc, sulfur and arsenic in the ores occurs during the heat activation pretreatment. The heat activation mechanism of complex copper sulfide ores is further discussed.
Key words: copper sulfide ores; tetrahedrite; heat activation; pretreatment; pressure leaching