真空碳热还原−氯化法炼铝过程的影响
(1. 昆明理工大学 真空冶金国家工程实验室，昆明 650093;
2. 昆明理工大学 云南省有色金属真空冶金重点实验室，昆明 650093;
3. 云南师范大学 化学化工学院, 昆明 650092)
摘 要: 采用单因素法，借助XRD、SEM和EDS以及金属铝直收率与物料质量损失率等手段与方法，分别添加Fe2O3、SiO2与TiO2(均为分析纯)，研究铁、硅和钛氧化物对氧化铝碳热还原−氯化法炼铝过程的影响。结果表明：在40~100 Pa、1 723~1 733 K添加7.5%~10.0% Fe2O3(质量分数)时，金属铝的直收率达55.24%~60.60%(质量分数)；而在40~100 Pa、1 763~1 783 K添加2.5%~15.0%SiO2(质量分数)时，金属铝的直收率达20.12%~28.03%，低于未添加SiO2时的金属铝的直收率；在40~100 Pa、1 763~1 783 K添加10.0% TiO2(质量分数)时，金属铝的直收率达73.64%，其平均纯度达95.82%。在上述实验条件下，添加Fe2O3和TiO2有利于氧化铝的碳热还原及碳热−氯化过程的进行，而添加SiO2不利于该法炼铝过程的进行。
关键字: 氧化铝；碳热还原；氯化；铝冶金
alumina carbothermic reduction-chlorination process in vacuum
（1. National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy,
Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province,
Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
3. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China）
Abstract:To investigate the effects of Fe2O3, SiO2 and TiO2 (analytically pure) on the process of aluminum produced by alumina carbothermic reduction-chlorination in vacuum, the methods of single factor method, XRD, SEM, EDS, the recovery rate of Al and reactant mass loss rate were used. The results show that by the addition of 7.5%−10.0% Fe2O3 (mass fraction) under 40−100 Pa and 1 723−1 733 K, the recovery rate of Al reaches 55.24%−60.60%(mass fraction). By the addition of 2.5%−15.0% SiO2 under 40−100 Pa and 1 763−1 783 K, the recovery rate of Al reaches 20.12%−28.03%, which is lower than that without SiO2. By the addition of 10.0% TiO2 under 40−100 Pa and 1 763−1 783 K, the recovery rate of Al reaches 73.64% with the average purity of Al of 95.82%. In a word, addition of Fe2O3 or TiO2 is beneficial to the processes of alumina carbothermic reduction and carbothermic-chlorination, but addition of SiO2 is not beneficial to this aluminum production.
Key words: alumina; carbothermic reduction; chlorination; aluminum metallurgy
