(1. 中南工业大学矿物工程系，长沙 410083； 2. 金川有色金属公司，金昌 737104)
摘 要: 由原矿品位为Ni 0.66%，Cu 0.35%，MgO 28.60% 的低品位镍矿石，采用一种简单的浮选工艺流程以及有效的浮选剂，包括乙黄药(EX)与丁铵黑药(ABD)的组合捕收剂和脉石矿物抑制剂ACMC(一种改性的羧基甲基纤维素)，获得含Ni 6.70%，Cu 3.59%，MgO 5 .24%的高品质精矿，镍、铜回收率分别为75.4%， 77.5%。浮选试验显示，EX与ABD组合捕收剂优于丁黄药(BX)与ABD的组合。其原因可能是EX与ABD 合理搭配使用能发生“共吸附”，产生“协同效应”；BX与ABD组合使用，发生了“竞争吸附”。ACMC在蛇纹石表面的吸附，大大增强了它的亲水性。在精选中添加ACMC 40 g/t，能使精矿中MgO含量从8.74%降到3.69%。 通过对ACMC作用前后的蛇纹石和镍黄铁矿表面Zeta 电位的测定，得到一些关于ACMC作用机理的证据。
关键字: 镍矿石； 浮选； 捕收剂； 改性抑制剂
（1. Central South University of Technology, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
2. Jinchuan Nonferrous Metals Company, Jinchang 737104, P. R. China）
Abstract:For low-grade nickel ore composed of nickel sulphide and oxide minerals, the head grades are Ni 0.66%, Cu 0.35% and MgO 28.60% respectively, by using a simple flotation flowsheet including three cleaners and some effective reagents such as the collector-coordinative-reagents of ethyl xanthate(EX) with ammonium butyl dithiophosphate(ABD) and the depressant for serpentine gangue-ACMC, a high quality concentrate with grade of 6.70 % Ni, 3.59% Cu, 5.24% MgO and recoveries of 75.4% Ni, 77.5% Cu are obtained. The flotation tests show that the coordinative use of EX with ABD in proper ratio is better in raising recovery of nickel than coordinative use of butyl xanthate (BX) with ABD. The likely reason of the fact found out in the test is that when EX is combined with ABD, the adsorption on the pentlandite surface is co-operative, thus producing the synergistic effect, whereas when BX is combined with ABD, their adsorption well be competitive. ACMC__a modified carloxy methy cellulose(CMC) is an effective serpentine gangue depressant. Adsorption of ACMC on serpentine surface enhance greatly its hydrophilicity , thus the content of MgO in concentrate can be depressed from 8.74% to 3.69% when 40 g/t of ACMC is added into third cleaner of flotation. Some findings have been made about the action mechanism of ACMC by measuring the Zeta potential of pentlandite and serpentine.
Key words: nickel ores; flotation; collectors; modifying depressants
