(1. 中南工业大学冶金系，长沙 410083； 2. 中州铝厂，焦作454174)
摘 要: 研究了氧化钙、氢氧化钙与浓碱铝酸钠溶液的反应特性。在相同条件下，氧化钙的反应活性高于氢氧化钙，这归结于氧化钙在水化放出大量热量的同时，固相颗粒细化，比表面积增大。较多量的氧化钙加入反应体系后，体系主要因固相颗粒团聚容易发生膨胀。渣相的扫描电镜分析表明：加入表面活性剂后，表面活性剂可能因吸附“挤占”了新生固相表面吸附的小分子，破坏或削弱了体系的团聚，从而消除了体系的膨胀；同时，表面活性剂的吸附降低了固液界面张力，使颗粒细化，从而提高了反应的比表面积，促进了反应的进行。
关键字: 氧化钙；氢氧化钙；铝酸钠溶液；反应活性
（1. Department of Non-ferrous Metallurgy, Central South University of Technology, Changsha 410083, P.R.China;
2. Zhongzhou Alumina Factory, Jiaozuo 454174, P.R.China）
Abstract:The reaction between calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide and aluminate solution with heavy caustic soda was studied. The reaction activity of CaO was better than that of Ca(OH)2 under the same condition, which was attributed to that the grain size became smaller when the CaO being hydrated, besides the reaction gave out lots of energy and formed a series of active substances. When more amount of CaO was added into the aluminate solution, the slurry's swell changed the system into paste. When some surfactants were added into the reaction system, because the surfactant was adsorbed on the interface between solid and liquid, and the extent of grain agglomeration was reduced, the slurry's swell disappeared. The adsorption of surfactant on the grain stabilized the fine grain, led to increasing the specific surface area and promoting the rate of reaction.
Key words: calcium oxide; calcium hydroxide; aluminate solution; reactivity
