(吉林大学 材料科学与工程学院， 长春 130025)
摘 要: 对挤压铸造制成的飞灰颗粒增强ZL109复合材料在不同条件下的的摩擦磨损行为进行了研究。结果表明： 飞灰颗粒的加入可提高铝合金材料的耐磨性， 复合材料同基体合金相比， 摩擦因数也较低。 在摩擦磨损过程中， 在较低载荷下复合材料的摩擦表面形成一稳定的摩擦转移层，该转移层的存在可以起到降低摩擦因数的作用。 在较高载荷下由于该摩擦转移层遭到破坏， 从而影响了其减摩作用的发挥。 镶嵌在基体中的飞灰颗粒在摩擦过程中主要起到承受载荷、限制对磨材料与铝基体直接接触的作用。 脱落的飞灰颗粒可以起到“滚珠”的作用， 在摩擦表面形成“三体”摩擦， 从而起到减摩的作用。
关键字: 铝基复合材料； 飞灰颗粒； 耐磨性； 磨损机制
（Department of Materials Science and Engineering，
Jilin University， Changchun 130025, China）
Abstract:The friction and wearing behavior of ZL109/ fly ash particles reinforced MMCs made by squeeze-casting were investigated under different conditions. The results indicate that the wear resistance of the composites is improved as fly ash particles are mixed. Comparing the composites with its matrix alloy, the formers have the lower friction coefficient. Under lower loads, a tribolayer is formed on the worn surface, which contributes to the decreasing of the friction coefficient. Under higher loads, the tribolayer is destroyed and then affects its effect of decreasing the friction coefficient. Fly ash beset in the MMCs acts as supporting load and limiting the direct contact between Al matrix and the steel slider. Fly ash falling off acts as “rolling ball”, forms the “three body” friction on the worn surface, which contributes to improve the wearing resistance of the MMCs.
Key words: aluminum matrix composites; fly ash particles; wearing resistance; wear mechanism
