(1. 西安交通大学 材料强度国家重点实验室, 西安 710049；
2. 空军工程大学 工程学院, 西安 710038)
摘 要: 利用旋转圆盘装置研究了Ti3Al基合金Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo的空蚀行为， 并用洛氏硬度仪模拟空蚀过程中微射流所产生的局部载荷对Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo合金的作用， 测量了压头加载过程中该合金吸收的总能量和弹性变形能（选择我国水利机械常用0Cr13Ni5Mo马氏体不锈钢作对比材料）。结果表明： Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo合金的抗空蚀性能优于0Cr13Ni5Mo不锈钢， 空蚀40h后前者的累积体积损失量仅为0.551mm3， 而后者的累积体积损失量达到2.615mm3；在局部载荷作用下， Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo合金不仅有较高的加工硬化能力，而且有较好的弹性性能； 在压痕试验中其弹性变形能在总变形能量中所占比例达到1/3。这些性能特点使Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo合金在空蚀过程中能吸收和释放较多的冲击能量，延缓裂纹形成， 减少体积损失， 呈现良好的抗空蚀性能。
关键字: 空蚀； Ti3Al基合金； 能量； 加工硬化
（1. State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials,
Xi＇an Jiaotong University, Xi＇an 710049, China；
2. Engineering Institute, Air Force Engineering University,
Xi＇an 710038, China）
Abstract:The cavitation erosion of Ti3Al-based alloy Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo was investigated by using rotating disc equipment. To simulate the effect of the collapse of vapor cavities or bubbles, Rockwell hardness tester was used to exert a load on the small area of Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo alloy, and the total deformation energy and elastic deformation energy of the test material were determined. Martensitic stainless steel 0Cr13Ni5Mo was chosen for comparison. The results show that the cavitation erosion resistance of the Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo alloy is better than that of the 0Cr13Ni5Mo stainless steel. After 40h of exposure to cavitation erosion, the cumulative volume loss of the former is only 0.551mm3, while that of the latter is 2.615mm3. Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo alloy has good work-hardening ability and elasticity. Its elastic deformation energy approaches 1/3 of the total deformation energy in indentation test. All these characteristics make it absorb and relieve more impact energy in cavitation erosion, thus reducing volume loss, and showing excellent cavitation erosion resistance.
Key words: cavitation erosion; Ti3Al-based alloy; energy; work-hardening a
