(1.中南大学 冶金科学与工程学院， 长沙 410083；
2.中南大学 物热系热工设备仿真与优化研究所， 长沙 410083)
摘 要: 根据傅里叶传热定律和基尔霍夫导电定律， 建立了预焙阳极铝电解槽阳极传热、 导电的数学模型。 用三维控制容积法推导了传热、导电的有限差分方程。 在合适的边界条件假定下， 采用C语言编程对其进行耦合数值求解， 以此确定阳极内部的电位分布和温度分布，并分析了阳极的热平衡状态。 通过模拟计算给出阳极和钢爪尺寸对电、 热场和热平衡的影响， 以此指导设计出阳极电位降尽可能小和散热量尽可能少的阳极和钢爪尺寸。
关键字: 铝电解槽； 预焙阳极； 数值仿真
（1. School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering，
Central South University， Changsha 410083， China；
2. Institute of Simulation and Optimization of Pyro installation，
Central South University， Changsha 410083， Chin）
Abstract:According to Fourier’s law and Kirchhoff’s law， a mathematical model of prebaked anode current and temperature fields of aluminum reduction cell was built. The finite difference equations was deduced using three dimensional control volume method.With reasonable assumption of boundary conditions， the equations were solved with C language programming， therefore， the anode couple current and temperature distribution and energy balance status were gained. The results provide foundations for seeking optimum anode and iron claw sizes which have minimum potential drop and minimum energy loss.
Key words: electrolysis cell； prebaked anode； numerical simulation
