(上海交通大学 塑性成形工程系，上海 200030)
摘 要: 研究了有限体积法模拟金属塑性成形的基本理论和关键技术， 得到了适用于塑性成形的有限体积控制方程， 给出了模拟过程中有限体积网格体系的建立、成形过程中金属流动的跟踪描述和时间增量步长的确定等技术处理方法。 然后采用该数值模拟方法， 对铝合金门窗型材的挤压成形过程进行了仿真。 详细地分析了该零件在挤压成形过程中金属的流动情况，给出了成形各阶段等效应变、 温度和速度等物理场量的分布情况以及整个成形过程中模具载荷/行程曲线的变化情况。 研究结果证明有限体积法是一种行之有效的铝型材挤压数值模拟方法，它可以为铝型材新产品的开发设计提供理论指导。
关键字: 铝型材挤压； 有限体积法； 数值模拟； 变形跟踪
（Department of Plasticity Technology,
Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200030, China）
Abstract:The basic theory and key technologies of simulation of metal forming processes by finite volume method (FVM) were studied firstly. The governing equations of FVM for metal forming were given. The simulation technologies such as mesh building, material deformation tracking and time increment computation were also provided. Then the extrusion process of an aluminum decoration part in windows was simulated by FVM. The metal flow process was analyzed in details. The distributions of effective strain, temperature and velocity during the aluminum extrusion process were discussed. The curve of load versus stroke was also given. So FVM is proved to be an especially useful numerical simulation method for aluminum extrusion processes. The FVM simulation technology can help the research and development of new aluminum extrusion products.
Key words: aluminum extrusion; finite volume method; numerical simulation; deformation tracking
