复合材料的界面结构
(江苏大学 材料科学与工程学院， 镇江 212013)
摘 要: 借助于透射电镜（TEM）研究了Al-K2ZrF6体系熔体反应生成Al3Zrp/Al复合材料中Al3Zr颗粒晶体形貌及Al3Zr/Al界面结构。 结果表明： 原位生成的Al3Zr颗粒以多面体和长方体为主，颗粒晶体表面存在生长小面（facet）， 其晶体为四方结构， 密排面为（11¯4¯）；Al3Zr/Al界面光滑、洁净， 无界面反应物。电子衍射图及界面原子排列分析表明， Al3Zr颗粒与Al在界面处存在位向关系：［2¯2¯1］Al3Zr∥［100］Al, (012)Al3Zr∥（11¯0）Al，其点阵错配度仅为10.87%。 此外， 熔体反应法制备的Al3Zrp/Al复合材料不仅凝固组织均匀，而且具有良好的力学性能。
关键字: 界面结构; 熔体反应; 铝基复合材料; Al3Zr
（School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University,
Zhenjiang 212013, China）
Abstract:The interfacial structure of Al3Zr/Al and crystal morphology of Al3Zr particulates in Al3Zrp/Al composite formed by Al-K2ZrF6 reaction in the melt were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicate that the crystal morphology of in-situ formed Al3Zr particulate is mainly polyhedron or rectangle. There are the facets on the surface of Al3Zr particles. The close packed plane of Al3Zr crystal with a tetragonal structure is （11¯4¯）.The interface between Al3Zr particulate and aluminum matrix, where there is no reaction product, is smooth and clean. According to the analysis of electron diffraction pattern and the atomic arrangement at the Al3Zr/Al interface, there is a crystallographic orientation relationship of ［2¯2¯1］Al3Zr∥［100］Al and (012)Al3Zr∥（11¯0）Al.Therefore, it may be concluded that aluminum can nucleate on Al3Zr particles with a small lattice mismatch 10.87%. Moreover, Al3Zrp/Al composites fabricated by direct melt reaction have not only well-distributed solidification microstructure but also excellent mechanical properties.
Key words: interfacial structure; reaction in melt; aluminum matrix composite; Al3Zr
