(东北大学 材料与冶金学院， 沈阳 110004)
摘 要: 采用X射线衍射分析法分析了复杂铝电解质的物相组成，同时考察了冷却速度对电解质物相的影响。物相结果表明，酸性电解质中CaF2的物相与电解质的冷却速度有关, 在急冷条件下，物相包括Na4Ca4Al7F33, β-CaAlF5, α-CaAlF5等多种形式。在碱性电解质中氧化锂的物相为LiF。根据电解质物相结果给出了分子比的计算公式，利用氟离子选择电极法进行检验，准确度很高，证明物相结果是可信的。
关键字: 铝电解质；物相；分子比
（School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China）
Abstract:XRD analysis method was applied to investigate the phases of aluminum electrolytes with additives that include CaF2, MgF2 and LiF, and the effect of cooling rate on formation of phases was also considered. The results show that in acidic electrolyte, the phases of calcium fluoride are different at different cooling rates, Na4Ca4Al7F33,β-CaAlF5 and α-CaAlF5 are present at high cooling rate; in basic electrolytes, the phase of lithium fluoride is LiF. The definition and determination of electrolyte cryolite ratio are discussed based on the phases of aluminum electrolyte. The deduced cryolite ratio equation is justified by fluorideion selective electrode analysis.
Key words: aluminum electrolyte; phase; cryolite ratio
