(1. 中南大学 材料科学与工程系, 长沙 410083；
2. 宁夏钽业股份有限公司，石嘴山 753000)
摘 要: 测定了3种铍铜合金带材经时效处理后的静态及动态弯曲应力松弛特性，并根据应力松弛行为提出了MAXWELL线弹性粘性体模型，建立了剩余应力与时间及温度参数的关系式，对静态和动态应力松弛特性进行了计算及预测。研究表明，铍铜材(1.7%～2.0%Be)应力松弛曲线可分为2个阶段。在第1阶段，应力松弛速率很高，温度高时，应力松弛更快；在第2阶段，应力松弛比第1阶段慢， 但随温度的升高，应力松弛加快。给出了3种铍铜合金静态及动态应力松弛特性的计算式，比较计算结果与实验数据后可见，该模型对应力松弛行为的预测有较好的精确度。
关键字: 铍铜； 应力松弛； MAXWELL模型；弯曲
in bending of Cu-Be alloys
（1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering,
Central South University, Changsha 410083, P.R.China;
2. Ningxia Tantalum Joint Stock Company Limited,
Shizuishan 753000, P.R.China）
Abstract:The static- and dynamic-stress relaxation characteristics at different temperatures for three kinds of aged Cu-Be alloys which were subjected to bending were determined. The results showed that there is a marked difference in stress relaxation characteristics amongst these alloys, and that the relaxation behavior can be divided into two stages. In the first stage, the rate of the stress relaxation is very fast, however, in the second stage the rate of the stress relaxation is slow. The rate of relaxation will increase quickly with increasing temperature. According to the present investigation, MAXWELL viscoplasticity-elasticity model was suggested to describe the relaxation behavior of the alloys. A formula for the model, including time and temperature parameters, was proposed also. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimentals.
Key words: Cu-Be alloy； stress relaxation; MAXWELL model; bending
