(中国科学院 化工冶金研究所， 北京 100080)
摘 要: 研究了铜转炉渣的化学与矿物学特征。用光学显微镜查明了炉渣各主要渣相为铁橄榄石、磁铁矿和无定形玻璃体，铜主要以冰铜相裹夹于渣相中，铜滴的尺度与渣的冷却历史有关。用X射线衍射谱、扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱和X射线波谱及化学物相分析，对铜和钴的赋存状态及在各相中的分布进行了表征和量化。结果表明，钴主要以类质同象形式取代铁橄榄石和磁铁矿晶格中部分Fe2+，作为氧化物富集其中，二者约占钴总量的95%。渣中钴的提取需要以铁橄榄石和磁铁矿的分解为前提，使钴的氧化物游离出来而酸溶。
关键字: 铜； 钴； 转炉渣； 工艺矿物学
copper converter slag
（Institute of Chemical Metallurgy， Chinese Academy of Sciences，
Beijing 100080, P.R.China）
Abstract: Chemical and mineralogical characteristics of a copper converter slag were investigated using a variety of complementary mineralogical techniques including ore microscopy，X-ray diffractometer (XRD)，SEM-EDX and WDS. Fayalite and magnetite were distinguished as main phases in the slag, and copper was foundto be entrapped in them in the form of matte. Cobalt was concentrated in fayalite and magnetite as solid solution by replacing Fe2+ in their lattices，which necessitated chemical decomposition of these two minerals for recovering cobalt in the slag.
Key words: copper; cobalt; converter slag; process mineralogy
