(北京科技大学 特陶中心，北京 100083)
摘 要: 提出了一种制备具有递变电阻及高熔点差功能梯度材料的新方法—超高压梯度烧结法，并成功制备出了相对密度达到96%的W/Cu梯度功能材料。推导了通电烧结过程中梯度材料内部的温度分布，表明温度场与电流密度及材料的厚度大致成平方的梯度分布模式；考察了不同的烧结助剂对W/Cu梯度材料致密化的影响，发现Ni比V和Zr有更好的致密化效果；观察了W/Cu梯度材料显微结构并对梯度烧结的过程机理进行了初步讨。
关键字: 梯度功能材料； 复合材料； W； Cu； 烧结
graded sintering under ultrahigh pressure
（University of Science and Technology Beijing，
Beijing 100083， P.R.China）
Abstract: A new approach termed graded sintering under ultrahigh pressure (GSUHP) for fabricating functionally gradient material (FGM) that possesses escalated resistance distribution and large melting point difference was proposed and by which a 96% theoretical density of W/Cu FGM was successfully fabricated. The temperature profile of FGM was simply deduced through energy equation and a graded temperature pattern which is proportional to current density and thickness of FGM squared was obtained. The influence of different binders on densification of W/Cu FGM was investigated， it was found that Ni has better sintering effect than Zr and V have. Microstructures of W/Cu FGM were observed and the mechanism was also preliminarily discussed.
Key words: functionally gradient material (FGM)； composite； tungsten； copper； sintering
