(1.上海大学 材料科学与工程学院，上海 200072；
2. 河北科技大学 材料科学与工程学院，石家庄 050054)
摘 要: 综述了国内外关于电流、磁场和超声波处理对金属凝固过程与凝固组织影响的研究概况，根据电磁学、声学及金属凝固原理分析了物理场细化和改善凝固组织的主要机制，提出了外加物理场凝固细晶技术在工业中应用尚需研究解决的技术与理论问题，特别强调了脉冲物理场处理技术的优越性及应用前景。
关键字: 物理场；凝固；组织
（1. School of Materials Science and Engineering，
Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering，
Hebei University of Science and Technology,
Shijiazhuang 050054, China）
Abstract:The research on the effects of electric，magnetic and ultrasonic field s on solidification process and structure of metals is reviewed. T he primary mechanisms of the refinement and improvement on solidification structure are analyzed based on electromagnetics，acoustics and theories of metal solidification. Technology and theory problems those should be researched and solved before the application of the physical fields treatment technology in industry are indicated. The advantages and foreground of pulse physical fields treatment are emphasized.
Key words: physical field; solidification; structure
