(1. 莱芜钢铁集团粉末冶金有限公司，莱芜 271105；
2. 中南大学 粉末冶金国家重点实验室，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 将元素Ni、Fe和Al粉以摩尔比56.5׃18.5׃25配料，分别按元素粉末高能球磨(300 r/min, 12 h)、元素粉末直接干混、50%元素粉+50%预合金粉末干混3种方式混料；混料在500 MPa的压力下压制成形，1 280 ℃下烧结；对合金烧结态进行相对密度测定、力学性能检测、X射线衍射分析(XRD)和断口形貌观察。结果表明：50%元素粉+50%预合金粉制备的合金性能最好，密度可达到6.61 g/cm3(相对密度94.8%)，烧结态抗拉强度可达到868 MPa，说明元素粉末中添加的预合金粉可以控制烧结过程，提高合金的烧结密度，同时增强合金的力学性能。
关键字: Ni-Fe-Al合金；机械合金化；粉末冶金
powder metallurgy NiFe18.5Al25 alloy
（1. Laiwu Iron & Steel Group Powder Metallurgy Co. Ltd., Laiwu 271105, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Ni-Fe-Al alloys were made by powder metallurgy from mixing the elementary powder Ni, Fe and Al with the mole ratio of 56.5׃18.5׃25 by three different methods, i.e. balling mill elementary powder Ni, Fe, Al (300 r/min, 12 h); mixing elementary powder Ni, Fe, Al; mixing 50% elementary powder and 50% prealloyed powder. The alloys were sintered at 1 280 ℃ for 2 h after shaping them under 500 MPa. The sintered NiFe18.5Al25 alloys were studied by density test, tensile strength measurement, X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and fracture observation. The results show that the alloy fabricated by 50% prealloyed powder and 50% elementary powder has the best property, the density is 6.61 g/cm3 (relative density is 94.8%) and the tensile strength of sintered alloy is 868 MPa, which indicates that the prealloyed powder added into the elementary powder can control the sintering process, improve the alloy’s sintered density, and enhance the mechanical properties of the alloy.
Key words: Ni-Fe-Al alloy; mechanical alloy; powder metallurgy
