(东北大学材料与冶金学院， 沈阳 110004)
摘 要: 研制了一种新型铝电解金属陶瓷惰性阳极， 阳极基体由Fe-Ni-Co-Al-O构成。 在电解温度960℃， 氧化铝质量浓度为6.0％， 阳极电流密度为1.0A/cm2，分子比为2.6的电解质中对其进行了10h的电解。 电解过程平稳，电解铝产品纯度达到96%~99％，阳极气体中氧气的含量为98%，反电动势为2.45V，高于理论值0.25~0.35V。 此阳极具备较好的导电性、 抗氧化和耐腐蚀性。 采用X射线衍射和电子探针微分析仪（EPMA）对电解后的阳极进行分析，发现阳极表面存在铁酸镍、 铝酸铁等尖晶石型化合物， 阳极表面下层为铝酸铁、 钴酸镍等陶瓷相以及金属相； 金属相和陶瓷相相互弥散分布构成结构致密的金属陶瓷层。
关键字: 惰性阳极； 金属陶瓷； 铝电解； 尖晶石
（School of Materials and Metallurgy,
Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China）
Abstract:A new inert anode consisited of Fe-Ni-Co-Al-O was made for aluminum electrolysis. Electrolysis with this anode was conducted at 960℃ for 10h in a cryolite-alunima electrolyte with CR2.6 and Al2O3 content 6%, the anode current density is 1.0A/cm2(100A). The purity of aluminum metal attained is in the interval of 96%~99%, and the anode gases analysed by an Orsat apparatus is 98%～99%. The back EMF value of the cell is 2.45V at 960℃, which is about 0.25-0.35V higher than the theoretical decomposition voltage of the above electrochemical reaction. X-ray diffraction and electron probe micro-analyzer results on the anode after electrolysis show that there are NiFe2O4, FeAl2O4 at the surface of this anode, and there are FeAl2O4, NiCo2O4 and Ni, Fe metals under the surface of this anode, metal phases and ceramic phases are well dispersed forming compact metal ceramic structure.
Key words: inert anode; cermet; aluminum electrolysis; spinel
