(1. 北京科技大学 材料科学与工程学院，北京 100083;
2. 安泰科技股份有限公司， 北京 100081)
摘 要: 采用定向凝固法， 在氢气压力为0.2 MPa、 熔炼温度为1 200 ℃的条件下制备了规则圆柱形气孔沿轴向定向分布的藕状多孔纯铜棒材料， 棒材直径为45 mm， 长度约为125 mm。 测定了所制备材料的密度、 孔隙率和通孔率， 对所制备多孔材料的气孔形貌和气孔大小分布进行了分析和表征， 并对所制备的样品沿平行于气孔方向和垂直于气孔方向的压缩性能进行了测试。 结果表明， 所制备纯铜棒的平均密度为4.48 g/cm3， 平均孔隙率为50％； 气孔直径分布为0.3～1.3 mm， 气孔平均直径为0.81 mm； 藕状多孔纯铜的压缩性能存在明显的各向异性。
关键字: 定向凝固； 藕状多孔金属； 孔隙率； 压缩性能； 制备与表征
lotus-type porous pure copper bar
（ 1. School of Materials Science and Engineering,
University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Advanced Technology and Materials Co., Ltd., Beijing 100081, China）
Abstract: Lotus-type porous pure copper bars with diameter of 45 mm and height of 125 mm were fabricated by unidirectional solidification at hydrogen pressure of 0.2 MPa and molten temperature of 1200 ℃. Density, porosity and ratio of open pores of the fabricated samples were measured. Shape and diameter distribution of the pores were characterized, and compressive properties parallel and perpendicular to the direction of pores for the fabricated samples were tested. The results show that the mean density and porosity are 4.48 g/cm3 and 50%, respectively. Diameter of the pores distributes in the range of 0.3-1.3 mm, and the mean diameter of pores is 0.81 mm. Compressive properties of lotus-type porous pure copper show remarkable anisotropy.
Key words: unidirectional solidification; lotus-type porous metal; porosity; compressive properties; fabrication and characterization
