( 1. 中国科学院 电工研究所， 北京 100080；
2. 上海大学 材料科学与工程学院， 上海 200072)
摘 要: 从热力学基本原理出发初步分析了强磁场磁化对纯物质吉布斯自由能和平衡凝固温度的影响。结果表明， 磁场中顺磁性纯物质的吉布斯自由能降低， 平衡凝固温度升高； 抗磁性纯物质的吉布斯自由能升高， 平衡凝固温度降低。 利用强磁场有可能在材料中形成大的整体过冷，可实现材料的整体凝固。
关键字: 强磁场； 凝固； 热力学； 纯物质； 熔点
（ 1. Institute of E1ectrical Engineering,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China）
Abstract: Based on the principles of thermodynamics, the changes of Gibbs free energy and melting equilibrium temperature of pure materials caused by magnetization in a high magnetic field were analyzed. It is proposed that under the influence of magnetic field, the Gibbs free energy is decreased and the melting point is increased for a paramagnetic pure material, and all in verse for a diamagnetic one. It is hopeful that the undercooling induced by a high magnetic field is big enough to make a whole solidification of bulk materials occurred.
Key words: high magnetic field; solidification; thermodynamics; pure material; melting point
