(五邑大学 化学与环境工程系， 江门 529020)
摘 要: 采用碱溶解→酸浸出→P204萃取净化→P507萃取分离钴、 锂→反萃回收硫酸钴和萃余液沉积回收碳酸锂的工艺流程， 从废旧锂离子二次电池中回收钴和锂。实验结果表明： 碱溶解可预先除去约90%的铝， H2SO4+H2O2体系浸出钴的回收率达到99%以上； P204萃取净化后， 杂质含量为Al 3.5mg/L、 Fe 0.5mg/L、 Zn0.6mg/L、Mn2.3mg/L、 Ca ＜0.1mg/L； 用P507 萃取分离钴和锂， 在pH为5.5时， 分离因子βCo/Li可高达1×105；95℃以上用饱和碳酸钠沉积碳酸锂， 所得碳酸锂可达零级产品要求，一次沉锂率为76.5%。
关键字: 固体废物; 锂离子二次电池; 回收; 硫酸钴; 碳酸锂
spent lithium-ion secondary batteries
（Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering,
Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China）
Abstract: The separation and recovery of metal values such as cobalt and lithium from spent lithium-ion batteries were investigated. The results show that more than 90% of aluminum is removed by alkali dissolution, leaching efficiency of more than 99% of cobalt and lithium can be achieved when H2SO4+H2O2 solution is used at 80℃. The impurties in the leach liquor is extracted selectively and nearly completely with D2EHPA. The concentrations of impurties are decreased as low as Al 3.5mg/L, Fe 0.5mg/L, Zn 0.6mg/L, Mn 2.3mg/L and Ca ＜0.1mg/L, respectively. The cobalt in the liquor is extracted selectively with PC-88A in kerosene at equilibrum pH≈5.5, and the Co/Li separation factor is as high as 1×105. It is followed by stripping with H2SO4 solution. The raffinate is concentrated and the lithium remaining in the aqueous is readily recovered as lithium carbonate precipitate by the addition of a saturated sodium carbonate solution at 95℃.
Key words: solid waste; lithium-ion secondary battery; recovery; cobalt sulfate; lithium carbonate
