(中山大学 理工学院物理系， 广州 510275)
摘 要: 采用小角X射线散射方法， 对以水合肼溶液还原法制备的纳米金属镍粉的内团聚进行了两个方面的表征： 1） 内团聚的尺寸及其分布和比表面积等微观参数的测定； 2） 内团聚的分形维数测定。 结果表明：纳米镍粉颗粒由相互嵌套包含的非均匀内团聚区域组成； 这些内团聚实为一些离散镍分布非均匀区域， 并由此导致局域非均匀电子分布而形成对X射线的小角散射； 内团聚在1~100nm范围内遵循质量生长分形规律。
关键字: 纳米材料； 小角X射线散射；尺度评估； 分形生长
（Department of Physics, Zhongshan University,
Guangzhou 510275, China）
Abstract: Small angle X-ray scattering method was adopted to investigate the cluster microstructure of nano-sized Ni powder. The size of Ni powder and its distribution as well as the specific surface area of clusters within nm-Ni granules were evaluated in a quantitative way as well. The SAXS measurement discloses definitely the existence of characteristic mass fractal patterns within nm-Ni granules, suggesting the feasible behavior of growth fractal during the congregation of numerous clusters. The observation of electronic microscope also implies the appearance of possible mass fractal growth occurring within nm-Ni granules in the size range of 1-100nm.
Key words: nanometer material; small angle X-ray scattering; size evaluation; fractal growth
